HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells (T cells), which are crucial for the body’s defense against infections. As HIV progresses, it weakens the immune system, making the body susceptible to various infections and certain cancers. While HIV primarily affects the immune system, its manifestations can also be visible on the mouth and skin, presenting a range of signs and symptoms that indicate the progression of the virus…Click Here To Continue Reading>> …Click Here To Continue Reading>>

Oral Manifestations of HIV:

1. Oral Thrush (Candidiasis): This is a fungal infection caused by Candida yeast. It appears as creamy white lesions on the tongue and inner cheeks. In HIV patients, oral thrush is common due to the weakened immune response.

2. Hairy Leukoplakia: This condition presents as white, painless patches on the sides of the tongue. It is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is indicative of advanced HIV infection.

3. Ulcers and Canker Sores: HIV-positive individuals may experience frequent mouth ulcers and canker sores. These can be painful and may indicate a compromised immune system.

4. Gingivitis and Periodontitis: HIV can lead to gum disease characterized by swollen, bleeding gums (gingivitis) and advanced gum disease (periodontitis), which can cause tooth loss if untreated.

Cutaneous Manifestations of HIV:

1. Seborrheic Dermatitis: This is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that causes red, scaly patches and dandruff. It commonly affects the scalp, face, and upper chest. READ FULL STORY HERE>>>CLICK HERE TO CONTINUE READING>>>

2. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infections: HIV-positive individuals are more susceptible to HSV infections, which manifest as painful blisters around the mouth (oral herpes) or genital area (genital herpes).

3. Kaposi’s Sarcoma: This is a type of cancer caused by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). It appears as purple or brown lesions on the skin, typically on the legs, face, or genitals. Kaposi’s sarcoma is more common in individuals with advanced HIV infection.

4. Pruritic Papular Eruption (PPE): Also known as HIV rash, PPE presents as itchy, reddish bumps on the skin. It commonly affects the trunk, arms, and legs and is indicative of acute HIV infection.

Other Considerations:

– Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS): When HIV treatment (antiretroviral therapy) is initiated, some patients may experience an inflammatory response as the immune system begins to recover. This can manifest as worsening of existing infections or the appearance of new symptoms.

– Drug Reactions: Certain medications used to treat HIV or its associated infections can cause skin reactions or oral manifestations as side effects.

Understanding these signs and symptoms is crucial for early detection and management of HIV-related complications. Regular monitoring by healthcare providers is essential for HIV-positive individuals to manage their health effectively and minimize the impact of the virus on their quality of life. Early diagnosis and adherence to antiretroviral therapy can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of developing severe complications associated with HIV/AIDS.