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Foul-Smelling Diarrhoea Can Signal An Infection Called Giardiasis: What Is It?

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Giardiasis is a common intestinal infection that causes several symptoms, including foul-smelling diarrhoea. Here’s all you need to know about the condition.

Many microorganisms can cause intestinal infections. This includes parasites like Giardia lamblia, also known as Giardia intestinalis or Giardia duodenalis, that can spread from person to person primarily through contaminated food and water. According to StatPearls Publishing, this type of infection is the most prevalent enteric protozoal infection globally, affecting nearly 2% of adults and 8% of children in developed countries…Click Here To Continue Reading>> …Click Here To Continue Reading>>

 

Read to find out all about the condition and how to prevent it.

What Is Giardiasis?

Foul-Smelling Diarrhoea Can Signal An Infection Called Giardiasis: What Is It?

Dr Asha Subbalakshmi Musunuri, HOD of Gastroenterology, CARE Hospitals, Hitech City, Hyderabad, describes giardiasis as an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia. According to her, it is one of the most common causes of waterborne illnesses worldwide.

Research suggests that about 33% of individuals in developing countries have been infected with giardiasis. It is a significant cause of epidemic diarrhoea among children in the developing world, with prevalence rates reaching 15-20% in those under 10 years.

There are many ways giardiasis can spread. It primarily transmits through the ingestion of Giardia cysts, which can be found in:

Contaminated water: Drinking or swimming in water contaminated with faeces from infected humans or animals.

Contaminated food: Eating food washed or prepared with contaminated water.

Person-to-person contact: Close contact with an infected person, such as in childcare settings.

Fomites: Touching surfaces or objects contaminated with the parasite and then touching the mouth. READ FULL STORY HERE>>>CLICK HERE TO CONTINUE READING>>>

Common Symptoms Of Giardiasis

Giardiasis can be asymptomatic, meaning it can show no symptoms, making it difficult to detect. However, if symptoms do arise, they can be severe. The most common symptoms include:

  • Diarrhoea or watery, foul-smelling stools that can be intermittent.
  • Abdominal cramps and pain – often described as bloating or gas.
  • Nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting.
  • Fatigue or a general feeling of tiredness and malaise.
  • Weight loss due to malabsorption and loss of appetite.
  • Greasy stools that may float due to their high-fat content.

Diagnosis And Treatment

Given that giardiasis is an intestinal illness, its symptoms can mimic many other bacterial or parasitic infections that lead to enteric problems. This can also lead to confusion and cause delays in the diagnosis process.

However, certain tests can help detect and confirm the condition. These include:

  • Stool tests used to identify Giardia cysts or trophozoites.
  • Antigen tests to detect Giardia proteins in stool samples.
  • Molecular tests like PCR tests to identify Giardia DNA in stool samples.
  • Upper Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and duodenal biopsy sometimes used to clinch the diagnosis of giardiasis by directly visualising and sampling the upper gastrointestinal tract.

When it comes to treating giardiasis, healthcare providers usually prescribe medications, which commonly include:

  • Metronidazole: An antibiotic that is often the first choice.
  • Tinidazole: Similar to metronidazole but may be given as a single dose.
  • Nitazoxanide: An antiparasitic medication.
  • Paromomycin: An alternative for those who cannot tolerate the above medications.

*Note that the medicines should only be taken when and as prescribed by the doctor.

How To Prevent The Infection

To prevent giardiasis, Dr. Musunuri shares a few tips and strategies. These include:

  • Drink only treated or bottled water, especially in areas where giardia is common. Avoid swallowing water from lakes, rivers, or pools.
  • Wash fruits and vegetables with safe water; immerse fruits and vegetables in salt water for at least 30 minutes before consumption.
  • Avoid eating raw or undercooked foods that might be contaminated.
  • Practise good hand hygiene, especially after using the restroom, changing diapers, or before preparing food.
  • Ensure proper sanitation facilities and practices, especially in childcare settings and areas with poor sanitation infrastructure.
  • Minimise close contact with those who have giardiasis until they have been treated.

Conclusion

If you’re passing watery and bad-smelling stools, especially after coming in contact with contaminated water and food, it could be a sign of giardiasis, a parasitic intestinal infection. This is a very common condition that affects people of all age groups and is one of the leading causes of diarrhoea among children in developing countries. While diagnosis involves undergoing various tests, treatment usually consists of medications that should be prescribed by a doctor. However, when it comes to giardiasis, prevention is key. SOURCE

 

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HEALTH & LIFESTYLE

If You Fall In Blood Group O, Avoid These Habits And You Will Live Longer

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Living longer and healthier often involves understanding how our genetic predispositions, including blood type, can influence our health outcomes. For individuals with blood type O, there are specific habits and lifestyle choices that, when avoided, can contribute to a longer and healthier life.

Blood type O is often referred to as the “hunter” blood type in the context of the blood type diet theory, which suggests that individuals with this blood type may benefit from a diet that resembles that of early humans who were primarily hunters and gatherers. While the scientific evidence supporting the blood type diet is limited and controversial, there are other health considerations that individuals with blood type O should keep in mind…Click Here To Continue Reading>> …Click Here To Continue Reading>>

 

One of the most crucial factors for individuals with blood type O is maintaining a balanced diet. While specific diet plans may vary, it is generally recommended to avoid processed foods, particularly those high in sugars and unhealthy fats. Instead, focusing on a diet rich in lean proteins, fruits, and vegetables can help support overall health and well-being. This dietary approach not only aligns with potential benefits suggested by the blood type diet but also with broader nutritional guidelines for promoting longevity.

Another important consideration for individuals with blood type O is regular physical activity. Engaging in regular exercise not only helps maintain a healthy weight but also promotes cardiovascular health, strengthens bones and muscles, and improves overall mood and mental well-being. Activities such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming, or participating in sports can all contribute to a longer and healthier life.

In addition to diet and exercise, managing stress levels is essential for individuals with blood type O. High-stress levels can contribute to a range of health problems, including hypertension, digestive issues, and impaired immune function. Techniques such as mindfulness meditation, yoga, or spending time in nature can help reduce stress and promote relaxation. READ FULL STORY HERE>>>CLICK HERE TO CONTINUE READING>>> READ FULL STORY HERE>>>CLICK HERE TO CONTINUE READING>>>

Furthermore, individuals with blood type O should be mindful of their caffeine and alcohol intake. While moderate consumption of coffee or tea may have some health benefits, excessive caffeine intake can lead to insomnia, anxiety, and digestive problems. Similarly, excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of liver disease, cardiovascular problems, and certain types of cancer.

Lastly, avoiding smoking and maintaining regular health check-ups are crucial habits for individuals with blood type O. Smoking significantly increases the risk of various diseases, including lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. Regular health check-ups allow for early detection and management of potential health issues, helping to maintain overall health and longevity.

In conclusion, while genetics and blood type play a role in health outcomes, lifestyle choices such as diet, exercise, stress management, and avoiding harmful habits like smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are crucial for individuals with blood type O to live longer and healthier lives. By adopting these habits, individuals can optimize their health and well-being, regardless of their blood type, and potentially increase their lifespan.

 

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HEALTH & LIFESTYLE

If You Don’t Want To Suffer Stroke At Old Age, Avoid Excess Intake Of These 3 Things

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As we age, the risk of suffering a stroke increases, but many of the factors contributing to stroke are modifiable through lifestyle choices, particularly diet. While no single factor guarantees a stroke-free life, reducing the intake of certain substances can help mitigate the risk significantly. Among the key culprits that contribute to stroke risk are excessive consumption of salt, sugar, and unhealthy fats. Here’s how these three substances affect stroke risk and why you should consider limiting them:

1. Excessive Salt (Sodium):

High sodium intake is one of the leading contributors to hypertension, which is a major risk factor for stroke. When you consume too much salt, it can cause your blood pressure to rise, putting extra strain on the heart and blood vessels. Over time, this can lead to damage to the arteries, making them more prone to blockages, which can trigger a stroke. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends limiting salt intake to less than 5 grams per day. However, many people consume much more, primarily from processed foods, canned soups, fast food, and restaurant meals, where sodium is often hidden in excess. By reducing salt intake and choosing low-sodium alternatives, you can significantly lower your chances of developing high blood pressure and, by extension, stroke…Click Here To Continue Reading>> …Click Here To Continue Reading>>

 

 

2. Excessive Sugar (Added Sugars):

A diet high in refined sugars can contribute to the development of several conditions that increase stroke risk, including obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Consuming too much sugar causes an increase in blood glucose levels, leading to insulin resistance, weight gain, and inflammation—all of which are linked to an elevated risk of stroke. Additionally, high blood sugar can damage blood vessels over time, leading to atherosclerosis, or the hardening and narrowing of the arteries. To protect your brain health, it’s important to limit sugary foods and beverages, especially sodas, candies, and baked goods, which contain added sugars that can cause rapid spikes in blood sugar. The American Heart Association recommends no more than 6 teaspoons (25 grams) of added sugar per day for women and 9 teaspoons (38 grams) for men. READ FULL STORY HERE>>>CLICK HERE TO CONTINUE READING>>>

3. Unhealthy Fats (Trans and Saturated Fats):

Not all fats are created equal, and while some fats are essential for good health, unhealthy fats—particularly trans fats and excess saturated fats—can increase your risk of stroke. Trans fats, often found in processed and packaged foods like baked goods, snacks, and margarine, can raise bad cholesterol (LDL) levels and lower good cholesterol (HDL). This leads to plaque buildup in the arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which significantly increases the likelihood of a stroke. Similarly, a diet high in saturated fats, commonly found in fatty cuts of meat, full-fat dairy products, and certain oils (like palm and coconut oil), can also elevate LDL cholesterol and promote the narrowing of arteries. Replacing these unhealthy fats with healthy fats—such as those found in nuts, seeds, avocados, and olive oil—can help protect against strokes.

Final Thoughts: While there is no magic bullet to prevent a stroke, maintaining a balanced, nutritious diet is one of the most effective strategies for lowering stroke risk in older age. Reducing your intake of excess salt, sugar, and unhealthy fats can help regulate blood pressure, prevent plaque buildup, and maintain healthy blood vessels, all of which reduce the risk of stroke. Along with a healthy diet, regular physical activity, not smoking, and managing stress are also critical components of a stroke-prevention plan. By making conscious choices to limit these three substances in your diet, you can significantly improve your long-term health and reduce your chances of experiencing a stroke in old age.

 

 

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HEALTH & LIFESTYLE

How Long Does It Take For a Healthy Person to Show HIV Symptoms.

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In most situations, the first HIV symptoms show up 2–4 weeks after a person is exposed to the virus, but in certain circumstances, they might take months or even years to manifest.

HIV is the name of the virus that causes the illness of the same name. AIDS, a lethal disease brought on by a person’s immune system being significantly weakened, is its last stage.

Blood, breast milk, and sexual fluids are all ways that HIV can transmit. According to research, 94% of HIV infections in 2015 were caused by sexual contact…Click Here To Continue Reading>> …Click Here To Continue Reading>>

 

initial signs of HIV

HIV infection does not always result in immediate symptoms. It takes between two and four weeks for HIV symptoms to manifest.

Sometimes symptoms won’t show up for months or even years.

Timeline

HIV is categorized by doctors into three stages.

Acute HIV infection in Stage 1

A person with HIV exhibits specific symptoms when they are first infected. READ FULL STORY HERE>>>CLICK HERE TO CONTINUE READING>>>

Fatigue, muscle aches, rashes, headaches, sore throats, enlarged lymph nodes, joint discomfort, night sweats, and diarrhea are some of the symptoms.

A credible source claims that some of these symptoms are more likely to materialize than others. The likelihood of each of the symptoms is mentioned above in decreasing order.

HIV infection in stage 2 is ongoing.

The following are signs of a chronic HIV infection, according to certain studies, says a dependable source: yeast infection in the vagina and oral hairy leukoplakia, which results in white, scaly areas on the tongue. Possible diagnoses include shingles, neuropathy, cervical dysplasia, and the blood clotting condition idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

The person’s immune system will suffer considerably if this stage continues. Their body will have a harder time fighting off infections and other illnesses as a result.

3.AIDS in Stage

AIDS manifests when a person’s CD4 cell count is significantly decreased as a result of HIV infection.

White blood cells called T cells, sometimes referred to as CD4 cells, are one type. They serve as the body’s defense against harmful microorganisms. These cells become dysfunctional as a result of HIV infection.

 

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